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I had been warned. “Don’t expect an easy
ride,” they sombrely told me, as
if that’s what a revolutionary would expect. My
first book unceremoniously upturned everyone’s
favourite theories, eroded the livelihoods and
career prospects of some important people, and
with barefaced cheek exposed the rampant egotism
that holds the high ground of physical science.
I put on a suit of Kevlar and stood resolute
before the tempest of wounded pride.
It didn’t happen. My
brethren in science welcomed me with open arms
and a palpable sense of relief. It was though
they had all been waiting, on a dare almost, for
someone, anyone, to have the chutzpah to
stand on the city hall steps and announce that
the bubble had been popped. The illusion was
shattered, and a tide of pent up frustration
flowed through the breach. A little known
astronomer from the Southern end of the mother
continent had in his ignorance and lack of
socio-political sophistication simply been
honest: Science has gone haywire, and we really
ought to be doing something about it.
It’s all about attitude, really. There are
scientists who think they may be able to derive
a set of equations they boldly term “The
Theory of Everything”. Then there are those,
like me, who admit to themselves and others that
what we don’t know will always significantly
exceed what we do. So it comes down to this: Do
we believe the evidence of our eyes, to the
extent that it should form the basis of theories
in cosmology, or do we rather depend upon our
imaginations, expressed in convoluted
mathematical dialects, to express our eternal
optimism that some day, some how, we might
persuade ordinary folk that this is how they
should be seeing it.
My journey has not been without moments of high
drama, but most often my detractors have done
little more than puff themselves up like toads,
usually adorning their display with irrelevant
criticisms of my persona and intentions. They
have used the whole gamut of
scare-tactics—pulled rank, called me names,
slandered my colleagues, threatened me,
suspended membership, refused publication,
forbidden my affiliation, and so on. My
arguments have remained largely unanswered. In
some cases, where I have responded in writing to
rational challenges with counterarguments, my
letters go without acknowledgement or reply.
This is a great pity, and it is a discourtesy
that seems to affect South African academics
more severely than others.
The interesting thing is, I don’t have a theory,
at least not in the sense of being to explain
how the Universe operates. I am trying to do
science using the laws of physics and chemistry,
assisted by mathematics to establish quantities.
This approach immediately rules out nearly all
of cosmology of course, and that clearly sets my
position: I want to put the physical back
into physics. We will certainly explain
far less of the perceived Universe if we do as I
suggest, but we will explain it in a
fundamentally better way. I would like science
to deal with reality as first priority, and
leave the philosophical arguments for those
moments of introspection that set in when it’s
raining and we can’t look at the stars.
Here is a quote from Galileo: "The book of
nature is written in the language of mathematics
...without which it is impossible to understand
a single word; without which there is only a
vain wandering through a dark labyrinth”. I
think Prof Galilei was not quite accurate in his
assessment of true mathematics. I would
paraphrase it, “The book of mathematics is
written in the language of nature, without which
understanding is merely unrooted imagination,
vain wandering through a dark labyrinth in the
human psyche”. Mathematics does not exist in
nature. It is contained absolutely and entirely
in the human mind—which of course, by my
definition, is an unnatural place!
What we need to do, seriously, is deal with
here-and-now realities as we see them. Don’t
tell me why reality doesn’t work; it does, and
deep down inside you know it does. A lot of
cosmological theory is based not on what we can
observe, but on what we think we will observe in
time, or what we would observe, if only we could
get there. The fact that we don’t have the means
to make quick trips to the far corners of the
known Universe means that we can’t make
real-time, close-up observations of distant
events. It makes us feel strangely detached, and
we slip into the sand-trap of regarding things
at a great distance as being somehow surreal and
dreamlike. Beyond the scale of galaxies things
are so big that behavioural studies are
extremely limited. We can map the
two-dimensional form of ultra-large scale
structure but the dynamics and depth are vague.
We need in some areas to infer or speculate
rather more than usual. Let’s be honest: That’s
guesswork.
I foresee a revival of the mechanical view. The
current Special and General Relativistic
approximation of the Universe will collapse into
the curvature of its own cleverness, and the
virtues of a slower, axially rigid approach will
reassure us that what works in the hearth, works
also in the hills. We will take the cosmos piece
by piece, and try to understand those individual
bits as machines, each individual causal input
adding to the fusion of effects that present as
creatures in our field of view. It cannot happen
soon enough, I believe, because we have a great
deal of catching up to do. The stalled
development of Newtonian Mechanics must be
re-ignited and accelerated to the level required
by cosmology. It’s a huge task. We must rekindle
our love for Euclid, bypass the minefield of
abstract topology, and rewrite Maxwell’s
equations of electromagnetism without Lorentz
transformations. Our new understanding of
radiant energy will solve the wave-particle
conundrum, illuminate the mechanics of redshift,
quantitatively explain the trajectories of light
rays, and give us new ways of calibrating space.
I predict all these outcomes from the mechanical
revolution.
A great discovery waiting in the wings is the
next step on the cosmic distance ladder. Once we
put redshift into perspective, we will proceed
to get more believable and reliable
calibrations, along with verifying mechanisms to
check our measurements. Now that we can for the
first time image the optical disk of stars, we
have the means to compare the diameter
previously obtainable only by quantum variances
in limb spectra with the angular spread on a
visible disk. Does this correlate with redshift?
I hope someone out there is checking right now,
and that she will loudly publish her results, no
matter which way they go.
Prediction implies also retrodiction. We dare
not only to suggest what might happen in eras
not yet realised, but also what we might find in
the dim, distant past. Fortunately, we have the
means, in principle at least, to verify
retrodiction by examining the cosmic fossil
record, images that have travelled a long, long
time to get to us. The Static Universe
retrodicts an unevolved cosmos. Once we can
confidently identify things at great remoteness
from Earth, and be sure that they are ancient,
we will no doubt be astonished to discover that
they are not at all young, newborn populants.
Near and far, the Universe is just the same old,
same old…
Let me tell you what I think we will not
find by scientific enquiry: The early
universe; gravitational waves; the Higgs boson;
Dark Matter; Dark Energy; the Final Frontier;
the Theory of Everything; a scale at which the
Cosmological Principle applies; Schrödinger’s
cat; God; Peace; ET; flying saucers; quantum
entanglement; Feynman probability; and so on.
There is no time constraint on my prophecy. I am
simply eliminating the impossible. Then there is
the improbable. It is unlikely, and extremely
so, to many orders of magnitude, that the Search
for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) will
succeed. The odds are so great against picking
up an intelligent and intelligible signal from
“something out there” that it seems to me that
SETI is an utter waste of money, manpower, and
creative resources. Don’t get me wrong—I truly
admire and support any initiative to explore the
unknown, but it needs to be sensibly done with
at least some likelihood of success. The odds on
SETI detecting an intelligently designed signal
from outer space are so unfavourable as to be
zero in practical terms.
Unless, of course, you argue that every signal
from every radiant body on the whole wide sky is
not random, not chaotic, not infinitely mutating
dumb chance, but instead scintillating,
tantalising evidence of a vast system running to
plan. If you say that, I will have to concede.
You are right. This thing is way beyond the
shaky limits of our paltry ideas, and so big and
so amazing that even the infinitesimal fraction
that we do seem to understand is awesomely
overwhelming. We don’t need vast banks of
supercomputers linked to radio telescopes in an
array reading 100 billion deep sky signals a
second in order to find intelligence greater
than our own.
Just look carefully at the blossom of an orchid;
the antennae of a moth; the structure of a
crystal; the surface of the Sun; the movement of
a cat; and the rings of Saturn. Q.E.D.
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